Nanotechnology

Nanotechnology is science, engineering and technology conducted at the nanoscale, which is about 1 to 100 nanometres or is the engineering of functional system at the molecular scale. It means building machines on the scale of molecules such as motors, robot arms, computer and etc. This theoretical capability was found as early as 1959 by Professor Richard Feynman Nobel Prize winner in physics

There are four generation of nanotechnology development

Nanomaterials

Nanomaterials are defined as materials with at least one external dimension in the size range smaller than 100 nanometres. Nanoparticles are substances with all three external dimensions at the nanoscale1. Nanoparticles are produced and designed with very specific properties related to shape, size, surface properties and chemistry. These properties are reflected in aerosols, colloids, or powders. Often, the behaviour of nanomaterials may depend more on surface area than particle composition itself. Relative-surface area is one of the principal factors that enhance its reactivity, strength and electrical properties. There are several products of nanomaterials some of them can be buy from the producer some of them will be produced in the Laboratory (e.g., CNTs can be produced by laser ablation, HiPCO (high-pressure carbon monoxide, arc discharge, and chemical vapor deposition (CVD)). Examples of engineered nanomaterials include: carbon buckeyballs or fullerenes; carbon nanotubes; metal or metal oxide nanoparticles (e.g., gold, titanium dioxide); quantum dots and many others.